Essay Misunderstandings of a Foreigner in American Culture

I still remember the shock I got when I first moved here. What a terribly superficial culture this country has, I thought. The way people treat each other, especially in conversations! At the beginning they ask you: How are you? But beware! They dont really want to know how you are, and if you make the mistake of actually giving them a detailed account of your well-being, theyll shun you for weeks. On the other hand, youre required to immediately embrace all new acquaintances with the standard Nice to meet you. Maybe you werent even in the mood to meet somebody at this particular moment, and if she or he turns out to be just another perfectly intolerable human being, then you lied to the entire world around you! I had some serious†¦show more content†¦Personally, I dont think so. Where I come from, we prefer the rude method of saying exactly what we think and getting it over with. Not unfairly have we Germans earned the reputation of getting things done efficiently... Thinking about my first years here gives me quite a different perspective towards the issue of gendered communication than what the typical American citizen might have. Although I agree that we have to take into consideration that men and women are fundamentally different, to blame all misunderstandings and miscommunications on this fact is not accurate. Two very popular authors, Deborah Tannen, who has impressive credentials as a linguistics professor, and John Gray, of whom almost everybody has heard of by now, claim the different use of language by the opposite sexes to be the root of all evil in arguments. I believe that miscommunication between men and women is only a small portion of the whole problematic issue, which is not specifically gender?related. We have to look beyond the obvious differences to get to the real sources of complications during conversations and to find a solution to this wide-spread problem. Men and women can very well communicate to be understood if they only want to, and so can everybody else. The best place to start improving communication is with the biggest troublemaker in your life: yourself. We could eliminate some unnecessary misunderstandingsShow MoreRelatedIntercultural Communications: Cultural Stereotypes And Communication With Foreigners1807 Words   |  7 Pagesbetween culture and communication is quite strong with the former having substantial influence on the later. Basically, all forms of communications take place under a cultural context since the linguistic features are influenced by the same. Aspects of greetings, gratitude, taking leave, and complimenting, requesting, giving apologies, turn-taking and apologizing are all achieved through some form of communication, either verbal of non-verbal. As such they cannot escape the touch of culture. AccomplishingRead MoreThe Cultural Differences Of International Marketing1255 Words   |  6 Pagesthe cultural differences. Every marketing firm should delve into, appreciate and evaluate the cultural differences that exist between different countries. According to Lancaster et al (2002), there are numerous components of a country’s overall culture including religion, education and aesthetic appreciation. During the last twenty years, the need for deeper cross cultural awareness is constantly growing and it has become a very significant element in enhancing and facilitating the marketing activitiesRead MoreThe Latino Threat Narrative By Chavez828 Words   |  4 Pagesstrikes which raised the alarm of the national identity crisis of the United States in 2011, meanwhile, it also further threatens the survival and image of Latino unlimitedly. When the American witnessed the tragedy and the danger of their country in 911, their patriotism leads them to perceive the foreigners, specially the Latino and Mexican as a threat, heresy or even enemy who threaten the stability and security of the national identity. Due to the rapid growth of the Latino population in theRead MoreEssay on Probl ems with American Education Today589 Words   |  3 Pagesstakes tests, and laws forcing students to say the pledge of allegiance and take a course in U.S patriotism. In first paragraph, he explained that high school students need to know about US history but at the same time they need to know about other cultures because the education is becoming narrower and students becoming less knowledge. For example, instead students learn about America or Europe history, they need to know about Asia and Africa history. In addition Professor Martha support his idea aboutRead MoreAmerican Education System Of Education852 Words   |  4 PagesAccording to the author, most of the foreigners studying in this country find it difficult to understand the American system of education and the how to cope with American students. To make foreign students understand and able to cope with the American higher education system, the author explains some assumption that is behind the education system. He n oted that American higher education system has a connection with both the mechanical feature and the cultural beliefs, but not intellectual onlyRead MoreCultural Adoption : Looking Through A New Lens1425 Words   |  6 PagesCultural Adoption: Looking Through a New Lens A culture is defined by those who practice its every day customs, language, traditions, and uphold its beliefs, but one does not have to be of that culture by birth to do these things. In a world of highly-technologized media, social apparatuses, and widespread ideas, one would think that the prospect of cultural misunderstandings would be nil in their effects toward modern society, however, somehow these plaguing stereotypes, generalizations, and inaccurateRead More Globalization in the World Today Essay1197 Words   |  5 Pagesglobal economic cooperation, culture will have a great impact on the relationships and the operations. Edward H. Schein states it perfectly: Consider any complex, potentially volatile issue-Arab relations, the problems between Serbs, Croats, and Bosnians, corporate decision-making, getting control of U.S. deficit or health care coasts, labor/management relations, and so on. At the root of the issue we are likely to find communication failures and cultural misunderstandings that prevent the parties fromRead MoreAlmost French1392 Words   |  6 Pagesthe French culture as best as she can. She comes to realize she is different due to how and where she was raised, but improves and adjusts gradually while she has continuous lessons in everyday life. I believe the main idea of her novel is her current state of being almost French, but never completely or fully there. Part 2 (Culture) 1. Seeing Frederic’s apartment for the first time and sharing their first at-home dinner, Sarah Turnbull, influenced by her own Australian culture, makes certainRead MoreLost in Translation: Analysis of Corruption in Chinglish1032 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Lost in Translation: Corruption in Chinglish Chinglish is a 2011 American play written by David Henry Hwang that highlights the difficulties an American businessman encounters when attempting to secure a sign-making contract in China. In the play, Daniel Cavanaugh, the owner of Ohio Signage must learn to navigate the cultural and business waters of China. Daniel hopes to earn a contract to make the signs for the Cultural Center with the help of Peter Timms, a professor and self-proclaimed culturalRead MoreMultilingualism and European Commission1055 Words   |  5 PagesAbout 250 million years ago, Pangà ¦a the supercontinent was split up and eventually settled on the current continental configuration. As civilization flourished, the inhabitants developed their own language and culture on each continent. However, trading and getting along with the neighboring communities forced many groups to learn more than their mother tongue. This pragmatic use of multilingualism is especially evident in Sub-Saharan Africa. Today, the bene fits of mastering more than one language

Analysis Of Frankenstein By Mary Shelley - 1590 Words

Marilyn Monroe, born Norma Jeane Mortensen, is one of Hollywood’s most famed actresses and sex symbols (Biography.com Editors). Typically cast in the â€Å"dumb-blonde† roles, Monroe appeared â€Å"sensual and at ease† in front of cameras (Henrikson). With an idiosyncratic sense of humor and sly wit, Monroe’s true personality was not reflected in the stereotypical characters she portrayed (Biography.com Editors). Despite her fame and popularity, Monroe faced numerous struggles throughout her life until her death, a drug overdose, in 1962. In this sense, she was actually quite similar to Frankenstein’s monster from the novel, Frankenstein, by Mary Shelley. The monster is brought to life by Victor Frankenstein only to be abandoned moments after his†¦show more content†¦Monroe was also very insecure about her acting abilities (Biography.com Editors). Monroe’s illnesses and insecurities led to frequent tardiness on set and a hatred of l ive shows, which then led many people in Hollywood to consider her a â€Å"difficult† actress (Henrikson). In a desperate attempt to cure her depression and anxiety, Monroe resorted to drugs and eventually became addicted (Henrikson). This drug addiction led to Monroe’s apparent suicide caused by a drug overdose in 1962 (History.com Staff). Despite facing this long list of struggles, Monroe continued acting and even got professional help. In 1961, Monroe admitted herself to the Payne-Whitney Clinic in New York, but soon transferred to Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center (Doll). Several conspiracy theories have arisen over the decades regarding Monroe’s apparent suicide, some claim that her psychiatrists messed up her prescription and killed her accidentally, while one of the most popular theories is that she was murdered by the Kennedys (Henrikson). Regardless of whether these theories are true, Monroe was an incredible woman with amazing â€Å"strength and re silience† to be able to accomplish all that she did, despite the struggles she faced. Frankenstein’s monster is actually quite similar to Monroe in the sense that he also faced many difficulties throughout his short life. The monster’s struggles begin the moment he is created when Victor Frankenstein, filled with â€Å"breathless horror andShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Frankenstein By Mary Shelley Essay1231 Words   |  5 Pages2016 Frankenstein Literary Analysis Power is the ability to control something or someone into doing what is given. Knowledge is the understanding of an idea, but not yet following through with it. You can have knowledge without power but the two combined usually result in a better outcome. Victor creates a monster which goes on rampages after they go separate ways. Because Victor originally left it and never later took control of it, unfortunate consequences occurred. In Frankenstein, by Mary ShelleyRead MoreAnalysis Of Frankenstein By Mary Shelley1755 Words   |  8 PagesFrankenstein An Analysis of the use of knowledge In the novel Frankenstein by Marry Shelley, it is apparent that a lack of knowledge along with an abundance of knowledge can lead to the destruction of relationships that are ideal for a happy life. The theme of corruption through knowledge is a recurring literary device throughout the novel. This corruption compels the reader to question whether or not it is beneficial to have the vast amount of knowledge that Victor has. Knowledge is a powerfulRead MoreAnalysis Of Mary Shelley s Frankenstein1411 Words   |  6 PagesIn the early 1800s Mary Shelley set pen to a paper and started to develop a novel that little to her knowledge would become world renowned. In 1818 she finished and published the novel to sell to the European public. The novel caught the world off guard in the way that a female was able to write about such harsh, dark, and evil things in a European society whose authors like John Locke and Charles Montesquieu preached enlightenment, self exploration, and individualism all in an optimistic enablingRead MoreAnalysis Of Mary Shelley s Frankenstein 1948 Words   |  8 PagesThere are many critical analyses to Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein. Two of these analyses bring forth varied interpretations. Sandra M. Gilbert and Susan Gubar wrote â€Å"Mary Shelley’s Monstrous Eve.† Anne K. Mellor wrote â€Å"Possessing Nature: The Female in Frankenstein.† Gilbert and Gubar argue that Mary Shelley wrote Frankenstein from the influence of her family in order to represent her personal life and life events. Mellor argues that the author wrote Frankenstein in order to represent many themes uponRead MoreAnalysis Of Mary Shelley s Frankenstein1615 Words   |  7 Pagesa whole and how accurate a depiction they might think it to be, they will miss out on many of the qualities of the painting that reside below the immediately apparent surface level. Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein is a text dedicated to expounding upon the dangers of such superficial analysis. In Frankenstein, Mary Shelley openly condemns the surface level and appearance oriented methodology under which the human mind operates. The very protagonist of the novel is inspired solely by reputation and howRead MoreAnalysis Of Mary Shelley s Frankenstein 1758 Words   |  8 PagesFrankenstein was published over 200 years ago. Ever since it was published, it has been one of the most famous books known to literature. History.com Staff states that this book, by 21-year-old Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley, is frequently called the world’s first science fiction novel (History.com Staff). According to Wikipedia, Shelley was an English novelist. She was born August 30th, 1797. She died on February 1st, 1951 (Wikipedia). Shelley came up with the idea of Frankenstein as she andRead MoreAnalysis Of Prometheus And Frankenstein By Mary Shelley Essay1996 Words   |  8 PagesPrometheus and Frankenstein both written in two different centuries I will show that our mentality hasn’t changes much in regards to monsters. While Prometheus and Frankenstein are, both consider monsters, Prometheus deals with trying to help humanity and Frankenstein deals with trying to find an understanding of why he was created. Both are considered monsters because of their actions. In the book Frankenstein by Mary Shelley, there is an article entitled Psychoanalytic Criticism and Frankenstein. In thisRead MoreAnalysis Of Frankenstein By Mary Shelley1449 Words   |  6 PagesDuality Makes The Man: What It Takes to Be Human in Frankenstein In her nineteenth century novel Frankenstein, Mary Shelley explores the characteristics of humanity, illuminates societal influences on development, and challenges the traditional biological definition of human through character developments and interactions. Particularly, she focuses on the characterization of the creature and his creator, pitting an ugly, malformed giant against an educated, dedicated scientist to establish a surprisingRead MoreAnalysis Of Frankenstein By Mary Shelley1372 Words   |  6 Pageshumanity. Although not in the technological age, the characters in Frankenstein by Mary Shelley, experience isolation due to bad choices or the opinions of society. Yet, the true evil in Frankenstein is not the characters, but isolation itself. When one is disengaged from family and society, egotism, violence, and revenge occur. Victor Frankenstein decides to abandon his family for six years in order to focus on his quest for glory. Frankenstein became focused on creating a scientific miracle that he isolatesRead MoreAnalysis Of Mary Shelley s Frankenstein Essay2155 Words   |  9 Pagesmain agenda could orchestrate catastrophic repercussions to the human populations. Mary Shelley’s work â€Å"Frankenstein† although over two-hundred years old, remains at the pinnacle of irresponsible innovation that wreaks havoc to the human population. In the â€Å"Jurassic Park,† an aspect of mad science that deteriorates the stability of life is depicted. Both Michael Clinton’s â€Å"Jurassic Park† and Mary Shelley’s â€Å"Frankenstein† extensively explore the role of man in maintaining and sustaining life. The two

Value Accounting In Historical Perspective â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Value Accounting In Historical Perspective? Answer: Introducation As per the cost model, the value of the asset is carried out at the the purchase cost reduced by the accumulated impairment and depreciation. On the contrary, as per the revaluation approach the assets is carried out at the revalued value that is the fair value of the asset reduced by the amount of impairment and depreciation, with the condition that the fair value of the asset can be reliably measured. Under revaluation approach the activities of revaluation shall be regularly carried out so that carrying amount for the asset shall not differ from the fair value of the asset materially under the balance sheet, however, under the cost approach it is not like that. The major difference among the two model is that under cost model the value of the non-current asset are measured at the price that is spend for acquiring the asset whereas under the revaluation model, assets are recorded at the fair value that is the estimated market value (Goh et al., 2015). Reasons behind non-revaluation of asset by the directors Various reasons may be there for not adopting the revaluation model for the equipment, property and plant. However, evaluating the main motivation behind not adopting revaluation model is not an easy job. If the assets are measured as per the cost model, the depreciation to be provided will be at lesser amount (Mller, Riedl Sellhorn, 2015). Therefore, the amount of sale as well as profit will be higher. Thus, one probable motivation for non-revaluation is to show the asset at lower amount that will improve the companys return on asset ratio. Further, while selling the asset it will be difficult to assess the value under different market scenario that may lead to lesser amount of value comparing with the revaluation value. If assets are not considered for revaluation, it will b shown under the balance sheet at lower value if compared with the cost model and the directors may feel that for accounting purpose applying the cost model is more relevant (Hu, Percy Yao, 2015). However, amo ng others few reasons behind non-revaluation may be as follows Three dimensional approaches the cot model is considered as the three dimensional puzzle against the puzzle. Reports, calculation and accounts may be viewed and manipulated with various other angles. Further, the management can evaluate the data on the basis of various criteria that can be used to value the asset which may guide to allocate the assets, set the price and assume the risk and capital (Picker et al., 2016). Labour cost the directors may be in the view that the labour cost can be monitored and controlled easily under cost accounting as compared to the revaluation approach. Based on the business nature, the expenses for wages and salaries can be analysed from contracts, jobs, orders, sub-departments and departments through the cost model approach only. It means the management can select how the productivity or efficiency is to be determined. This plays crucial role while estimating the performance of individual employees as well as the marginal productivity. However, all these activities can be smoothly performed under the cost valuation model and therefore, the director may not be motivated to adopt the revaluation model (Wali, 2015). Conservative the cost model does not take into consideration the business records, profits from the asset appreciation and that is not yet taken place and will be recognized through the current value for sale in the market. If the assets are stated at the revaluation model, it will leave a scope for the management to restate the figures that will enable them to achieve personal gain. Consistency and simplicity the directors may be in the view that the cost model can be more consistent and simpler to value the assets as it is difficult to reassess the value of the assets on regular basis as per the changing scenario of the market. Further, though the financial statements are used by the shareholder and various other users for the financial performance projections, however, this is not the only reason of financial statement analysis where only the past record are considered. Non-revaluation impact on the financial statement of the company The main drawback of not adopting the revaluation model is the cost model does not take into consideration the effect of changes in the prices for property equipment and plant. Further, the book values that are considered under the cost model may be the out of date for cost. This creates more problems when the assets are purchased. In the same way, they are aware about the proceeds they are receiving for their obligations (Small, Yaseen Schmidt, 2016). Therefore, the historical cost method is considered as an objective method as the subjective forecasting is not taken into consideration. Other impacts for not adopting the revaluation model are as follows Under the cost model the performance of the company are based on only the past records and the changes in the market are not taken into consideration. Cost for the current year will not be similar to the previous year, therefore, the revaluation model will be most appropriate in comparison with the cost model (Sellhorn Stier, 2017). If the management of the company chooses the cost model as against the revaluation model, the costs will be absorbed based on the rate that is pre-determined. It will result into under absorption or over absorption of the cost related to overheads. Various problems related to motion and times study, work study and the operational research can be solved Further, surplus amount generated from the revaluation of asset can be credited to the amount of retained earnings at the time while the asset will be derecognized. Moreover, the difference in depreciation amount calculated on fair value of the asset and revalued amount of asset can be debited from the retained earnings while the asset is still under use. Moreover, the company may decide about the thing that whether the surplus arising from the revaluation of property, equipment and plant is to be allocated among the shareholders or not. There is no hard and fast rule to allocate the profit among the shareholders; however, if the company decides to do so or not to do so, it may do on its own discretion. To solve the problem regarding whether to distribute or not to distribute the surpluses the company may charge or credit the differences arising from difference in depreciation amount calculated on fair value of the asset and revalued amount of asset to the amount of retained earnings (Mogylova, 2014). Further, as per AASB 116, one of the most important aspect of of using the revaluation model is to present the asset at the financial statement as per the market value and to assure the fact that the asset is not represent at the value that is martially different from the market value. As the cost model does not take into consideration the actual value of the asset, the users of the financial statement will misinterpret the performance and value of the items (Liang Riedl, 2013). Moreover, it will not enable the investors to take investment related decisions based on the value stated in the financial statement based on the historical value. Further, it will have an impact on the revenue statement as the actual profit will not be represented which in turn will misrepresent the performance and financial position of the company. Therefore, if the directors do not adopt the revaluation model it will have big impact on companys financial statement. Adverse effect on shareholders wealth for non-revaluation As per the conceptual framework of AASB 136, the financial statement at any point of time shall express the fair value of the property, equipment and plant as important decisions are taken based on that. Therefore, the revalued figure of the assets is considered to be more appropriate approach. Some crucial aspects on the wealth of the shareholders that are valued as per the cost model are as follows The revalued model assists in analyzing the value for internal as well as external reconstruction (Jack, 2015). The lesser amount of depreciation under the cost model will lead to higher level of profit which in turn will enable the company to distribute higher dividend. However, when the actual value will be revealed, it will affect the shareholders wealth Lower depreciation will not provide enough amounts for replacing the asset in future. Therefore, if the asset is required to be replaced it will be taken from the shareholders wealth as the accumulated depreciation will not be sufficient for the replacement of the asset. The actual value or the fair value will enable the company to bargain for correct value while the company goes for merger or acquisition by any other company. The revalued asset assists the company to analyse the value of the asset for leaseback and lease transactions (Jack, 2015). Further, the revalued figure of the asset enable the company to enhance the borrowing capacity of the organization, enhance the growth of the company, maintaining the liquidity and issue of the bonus shares. Therefore, the revaluation model will enable the company to present the financial data more transparently and more accurately and not adopting the revaluation model will have large impact on the shareholders wealth. Plant, equipment and property analysis - Aristocrat Leisure Limited The Aristocrat Leisure Limited is the manufacturer of gambling machine from Australia that has the administrative centre in North Rydes Sydney suburb. However, major part of the development and research is done in the North Ryde site of the company. Through analysis of the financial statement of Aristocrat Leisure Limited, it was found that the carrying value of companys equipment, plant and property was amounted to $ 217.50 million for the financial year ended 2016 as compared to $ 203.50 million for the financial year ended 2015. The company measures all the equipment, plant and property at the historical value reduced by the accumulated impairment, amortisation and depreciation value. Further, the amortisation, depreciation useful life of property, equipment and plant are treated as having 1 to 10 years of useful life and the depreciation is provided on the straight-line method. However, for the financial year ended 2016, the company reassessed the gaming operation machines useful life. The reassessment changed the expense estimates for depreciation expenses by $ 25.10 million (Aristocrat.com, 2017). Further, while the asset is derecognized for the purpose of sale or disposed off or when no further economic benefits are expected from the assets. Losses or gains from the disposal are evaluated through comparison of disposal proceeds with the assets carrying amount and then identified under the other income from the profit and loss statement during which the disposal takes place. The conceptual framework of AASB and IFRS focuses on the financial statements faithful representation that will fundamentally enhance the report useful for the required purpose of the users and make it more transparent. The conceptual framework of AASB requires that the financial statement of the company to be presented in faithful manner the report must be complete, neutral accurate and concise in all respect and further it shall be free from error, fraud and material misstatement. It has been recognized while going through the financial statement of Aristocrat Leisure Limited for the year ended 2016 that the company present their equipment, property and plant as per cost model. Therefore, to present it more accurately it shall adopt the revaluation approach that will further enable it to represent the true picture of the companys performance. Thus, it can be said that the financial statement of the company with regard to presenting the equipment, property and plant will be more pre cise and accurate rather than valuing it on the cost model. Reference Aristocrat.com. (2017). Reports. [online] Available at: https://www.amcor.com/investor-centre/company-performance-news/reports [Accessed 25 Sept. 2017]. Goh, B. W., Li, D., Ng, J., Yong, K. O. (2015). Market pricing of banks fair value assets reported under SFAS 157 since the 2008 financial crisis.Journal of Accounting and Public Policy,34(2), 129-145. Hu, F., Percy, M., Yao, D. (2015). Asset revaluations and earnings management: Evidence from Australian companies.Corporate Ownership and Control,13(1), 930-939. Jack, L. (2015). Book Review: Fair value accounting in historical perspective.Accounting Review,90(2), 825-828. Liang, L., Riedl, E. J. (2013). The effect of fair value versus historical cost reporting model on analyst forecast accuracy.The Accounting Review,89(3), 1151-1177. Mogylova, M. (2014). Institutional provision of agricultural fixed assets revaluation up-to-date.Accounting and Finance, (2), 167-172. Mller, M. A., Riedl, E. J., Sellhorn, T. (2015). Recognition versus disclosure of fair values.The Accounting Review,90(6), 2411-2447. Picker, R., Clark, K., Dunn, J., Kolitz, D., Livne, G., Loftus, J., Van der Tas, L. (2016).Applying international financial reporting standards. John Wiley Sons. Sellhorn, T., Stier, C. (2017). Fair Value Measurement for Long-Lived Operating Assets: Research Evidence. Wali, S. (2015). Mechanisms of corporate governance and fixed asset revaluation.International Journal of Accounting and Finance,5(1), 82-97. Small, R., Yaseen, Y., Schmidt, L. (2016). Amortisation of intangible assets: accounting technical.Professional Accountant,2016(28), 16-17.

Kodak and Fujifilm free essay sample

Growing up in a family that loves taking pictures and capturing moments. Kodak and Fujifilm played a huge role and are known companies to me and to many other households around the world. When it comes to the history and the competition few people know. The difference in management strategies plays a key role in the way the two companies’ embraced innovation. Complacency and slow adaptation dominated in Kodak Company while Fujifilm embraced innovation spirit and diversified in all aspects to ensure market relevance. Each of the company’s approach to ethics and social responsibility clearly reflects in both company’s profitability. With an aim to give back to the community and exercise ethical practices, production standards were maintained that satisfied consumers on both ends. A possible change of decision-making process that could embrace flexibility would be the best way to ensure diversity and innovation in any organization History George Eastman who was the founder of Kodak built a foundation of business on four basic principles: mass production at low cost international distribution, extensive advertising and focus on the customer at the age of fourteen he had to quit school and work to support his mother and two sisters. (Kodak) Kodak went on to become one of the biggest expanding the major impact it brought to pictures. It grew into helping the health industry by devising films that detected radiation exposure for developing the atomic bomb. (Kodak) Kodak went on to play significant roles with joint ventures from Nasa, Sun Chemical, and other big ventures. By 1962 the company’s U. S. consolidated sales exceed $1 billion for the first time. Its work force tops 75,000. Today Kodak’s estimated total market capitalization is about $900 million (Forbes) Kodak was a pioneer of photography and imaging and that was its core business. Kodak came before Fujifilm and was able to evolve and adapt quickly to the market changes. In January 2012, Kodak filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York and in January 2013 it exited bankruptcy. Kodak’s downfall I think was that it was not able to keep up with the technology changes and multiple new waves of how it evolved. Ethics and social responsibility was on its side because of the good it did for the world through the company’s research and the profit margin showed that. Being able to help NASA and hospitals showed there ethical practices. Customers were satisfied and they trusted the brand. Obviously for them to have gone bankrupt means there was a breakdown in financial strategies and decision making. Fujifilm was established in 1934 with the aim of producing photographic films. Over the decades we have diversified into new markets and built a strong presence around the globe. It was founded by (Fujifilm. com) It emerged with its photographic film manufacturing industry and then began operating, producing photographic film, print paper, dry plates, and other photosensitive materials. It went through several name changes starting as Fuji Photo film and ending up as Fujifilm. Fujifilm may have started as a manufacturer of photographic film, but the companys decision to branch into many areas of business including a transition to a digital camera manufacturer in the past several years has been a successful one. (camersabout. com) Fuji has crossed over into hospitals providing x-rays and medical imaging. Fujifilm has offered photographic film, motion picture film, color reversal film slides, microfilm, color negatives, 8mm motion picture film, and videotape. Beyond film, the company also has offered computer storage tape, computer floppy disks, and offset printing plates. Fujifilm made its first digital still camera in 1988, the DS-1P, and it was the worlds first digital camera with removable media. The company also created the first one-time-use recyclable film camera, the Quick Snap, in 1986. (Cameras about. com) Fuji dominated overseas and has embraced change and diversity to become a more effective force for a better future. Fujifilm has continued to maximize other resources effectively to achieve healthy growth.. In 2007, Fujifilm cameras ranked eighth worldwide in number of digital cameras manufactured, with about 8. 3 million units, according to a Techno Systems Research report. Fujifilm cameras, sometimes shortened to Fuji cameras, held a market share of about 6. 3%. (fujifilm. com) they too have been innovators and there management strategies have kept them on top and out of trouble such as bankruptcy. Kodak was not quick as Fuji was to adapt and they adapted quickly to stay well liked in the marketplace. They went from just hot in Japan to being second in the lead below Kodak in film usage, Both companies show what their approach to ethics and social responsibility are by their profits and success. It takes good decision making, quick turn around, and constant change to ensure diversity with any company. Flexibility, the right marketing, and speed are important in decision making. Fuji was smart and aggressive going from overseas to the global market with their low prices that made for a powerful marketing strategy. 1984 Los Angeles Olympics put them on the map when they became the official film of the event. Kodak made bad investments that caused them to eventually go bankrupt. It acquired Sterling drug for 1. 5 billion in January of 1988 and it turned out to be a bad investment and they wind up selling it off. Once it started falling the CEO was not able to revive it. Both companies made photography and imaging as their core business but Fuji even though it started later had the better adaptability. Fuji stayed reinventing itself and evolved with the change to invent better products. Kodak seems to come to a standstill even when the smart phone was introduced. When making decisions to build in flexibility you need to access the option, define the problem, adjust your approach and have innovative thinking. (Houston chronicle, by Amber Keefer, Demand Media) Before proceeding with you of action you have to choose an adequate course of action, and then you define the problem. Gather information, evaluating possible solutions and estimating the outcomes are crucial steps in the decision-making process. The objective is to take a situation from its current circumstances and move it toward a future goal. When making decisions you have to understand what you need to change and come up with ideas on how to improve the situation. After analyzing the problem, the next step is to find a solution before making a decision and implementing changes. Consider the advantages and disadvantages of each of the options available. Think about the value of the actions you can take. After you decide on a solution, you might want to change your approach.. Evaluate new information as it becomes available to you. Flexibility in decision making allows you to learn from your mistakes and then move toward a successful outcome. When you prepare to implement change, it is important to consider your organization’s future needs and objectives. You have to consider various options as solutions to a problem tend to put more thought into making decisions. Critical thinking is important. Flexibility in problem solving is key and involves interpreting information, drawing conclusions and considering the implications. A decision maker must identify weaknesses of the situation and move to remove it from the equation. Then finally as you approach the final decision change often requires adjusting your approach to meet the unexpected. Keeping an open mind is important when considering the overall situation and looking at all facets of the problem. Building flexibility in decision making requires that you be receptive to change. Even the best-laid plans hit unanticipated obstacles. The key is to know when to adjust your approach. Effective decision makers demonstrate the ability to shift priorities as the need arises and show a willingness to achieve objectives by taking advantage of new opportunities. (Houston chronicle, by Amber Keefer, Demand Media) Kodak was first out the door in the business industry but made some financial mistakes that cost them in the end. They were not fast paced like Fuji with keeping up with the industryand keeping their technology current. Fuji looked for newer marketing strategies to please their customers and kept evolving. That would explain their success today. , Fujifilm has transformed itself into a solidly profitable business, with a market capitalization, even after a rough year, of some $12. 6 billion to Kodak’s $220m (petapixel. com) Kodak filed a lawsuit against Fuji claiming they had infringed on Kodak’s digital photography patents.